What are the primary components of ground substance in connective tissue?

What are the primary components of ground substance in connective tissue?

• A. Protein and cells
• B. Water and glycosaminoglycans
• C. Carbohydrates and lipids
• D. Enzymes and hormones

Answer: (B)

The primary components of ground substance in connective tissue are indeed water and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Ground substance is an amorphous, gel-like material found between the cells and fibers in connective tissues, playing a critical role in maintaining the structure and function of the tissue itself. Water provides the medium through which nutrients, metabolites, and waste products can be exchanged between cells and the bloodstream. Glycosaminoglycans, such as hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate, are long unbranched polysaccharides that help to retain water, creating a hydrated gel that facilitates the resilience and flexibility of connective tissue. These components collectively contribute to the mechanical and biochemical properties of connective tissues, supporting cell adhesion and providing a pathway for intercellular communication. This combination of water and glycosaminoglycans is essential for various connective tissues, including cartilage, connective tissue proper, and other specialized tissues, influencing their ability to bear loads and resist deformation.

The primary components of ground substance in connective tissue are indeed water and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Ground substance is an amorphous, gel-like material found between the cells and fibers in connective tissues, playing a critical role in maintaining the structure and function of the tissue itself.

Water provides the medium through which nutrients, metabolites, and waste products can be exchanged between cells and the bloodstream. Glycosaminoglycans, such as hyaluronic acid and chondroitin sulfate, are long unbranched polysaccharides that help to retain water, creating a hydrated gel that facilitates the resilience and flexibility of connective tissue. These components collectively contribute to the mechanical and biochemical properties of connective tissues, supporting cell adhesion and providing a pathway for intercellular communication.

This combination of water and glycosaminoglycans is essential for various connective tissues, including cartilage, connective tissue proper, and other specialized tissues, influencing their ability to bear loads and resist deformation.